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In vitro studies have established the prevalent theory that the mitochondrial kinase PINK1 protects neurodegeneration by removing damaged mitochondria in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, difficulty in detecting endogenous PINK1 protein in rodent brains and cell lines has prevented the rigorous investigation of the in vivo role of PINK1. Here we report that PINK1 kinase form is selectively expressed in the human and monkey brains. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deficiency of PINK1 causes similar neurodegeneration in the brains of fetal and adult monkeys as well as cultured monkey neurons without affecting mitochondrial protein expression and morphology. Importantly, PINK1 mutations in the primate brain and human cells reduce protein phosphorylation that is important for neuronal function and survival. Our findings suggest that PINK1 kinase activity rather than its mitochondrial function is essential for the neuronal survival in the primate brains and that its kinase dysfunction could be involved in the pathogenesis of PD.
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To compare the efficacies of the two techniques of "micro-hemostasis and micro-cutting" with straight bipolar electrocoagulation forceps and traditional clamp-ligation for hemostasia in thyroid surgery. A total of 228 patients who underwent surgical treatment for thyroid neoplasms in our hospital between January 2015 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, including 50 males and 178 females, aged 23-68 years old. Of those, 150 cases as electric knife group received traditional thyroid surgery between January 2015 and December 2018 and 78 cases as bipolar electrocoagulation group received thyroid surgery by using the technique of bipolar electrocoagulation with meticulous anatomy between January 2018 and December 2018. The total operation time, single operation time, intraoperative hemorrhage, postoperative drainage volume on the first day, postoperative hoarseness and hypocalcemia were compared between the two groups. SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the data. The total operation time and intraoperative hemorrhage in the bipolar electrocoagulation group were significantly lower than those in the electric knife group ((59.33±18.29)min (77.21±25.39)min, (14.83±9.22)ml (36.86±11.80)ml, all 0.01). The single operation time of the bipolar electrocoagulation group was shorter than that of the electric knife group((10.25±6.16) min (20.34±7.24)min, (16.25±7.15)min (35.68±8.25)min, (12.12±5.25)min (20.68±7.26)min, value was 3.948,16.262,8.238, all 0.01).There was no significant difference between the two groups in postoperative drainage volume on the first day (0.05) and the incidence of postoperative hoarseness (0.05), while the incidence of hypocalcemia in the bipolar electrocoagulation group(10.26%) was lower than that in the electric knife group(21.33%,χ(2)=4.353, 0.05). The fine dissection for thyroid operation can be achieved by using straight bipolar electrocoagulation tweezers. The use of "micro-hemostasis" and "micro-cutting" technique with bipolar electrocoagulation tweezers can greatly reduce intraoperative bleeding, operation time and postoperative complication.
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Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Xiaoyan Decoction in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by retrospective study. Methods: Patients with NSCLC treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1, 2013 to December 30, 2017 were collected. The patients were divided into two groups: Xiaoyan Decoction plus subtractive prescription combined with symptomatic treatment group (46) and symptomatic treatment group (50). Analyze the survival of the two groups of patients, compare the Karnofsky scores of the two groups, and analyze the sex, age, smoking history, drinking history, histological grade, chemotherapy regimen, pathological type, TCM syndrome type, vascular invasion, and soft tissue invasion Correlation with patient prognosis. Results: There was a significant difference in median progression-free survival (mPFS) between the two groups (P 0.05).The quality of life of patients in Xiaoyan Decoction plus subtractive prescription combined with symptomatic treatment group was significantly improved (P < 0.05), among which, lung squamous cell carcinoma, no vascular, no soft tissue invasion, and patients with phlegm heat obstruction of lung syndrome had the best efficacy (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Xiaoyan Decoction combined with symptomatic maintenance therapy can prolong median progression-free survival (mPFS) and improve the quality of life of patients with advanced NSCLC. The best beneficiaries are patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma, phlegm-heat obstructive pulmonary syndrome without vascular or soft tissue invasion.
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Traditional Chinese medicine has a history of more than 2 000 years with wide application in clinical practice. With the progress of diagnosis and treatment, the role of Chinese materia medica in extending the survival period of cancer patients and improving their quality of life has received increasing attention and recognition. The anti-tumor activity and mechanism of Chinese materia medica have the characteristics of multi-pathway, multi-target, and multi-pathway, such as inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, promoting tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting tumor cell invasion and metastasis, regulating tumor microenvironment, anti-tumor angiogenesis, and reversing drug resistance. The mechanism of anti-tumor monomer in Chinese materia medica was reviewed in order to provide some ideas and theoretical basis for the anti-tumor research of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Objective: To observe the improvement of androgen deficiency syndrome after endocrine therapy by "Jianpi Lishi Huayu Method" for advanced prostate cancer and its clinical effect. Methods: A total of 60 patients with advanced prostate cancer were randomly divided into observation group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). The control group was treated with intermittent endocrine therapy (androgen blocking). The treatment group was treated with "Jianpi Lishi Huayu Decoction" on the basis of the control group. The end point of the study was the time to develop castration-resistant prostate cancer. ISS scale scores, disease progression-free survival, PSA, serum testosterone, I-PSS and TCM clinical symptom scores were compared between the two groups. Results: The median progression-free survival time of the patients in the observation group was 23 months, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. After treatment, the total ISS score, physical symptoms score, vasomotor symptoms score and psychosocial symptoms score in the observation group were significantly lower than those before treatment, and lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the effective rate of ISS score in the observation group (73.33%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (16.67%); The PSA level in both groups decreased significantly after treatment, and the PSA level in the observation group (2.13 ± 0.58) ng/mL was better than that in the control group (5.30 ± 1.40) ng/mL (P < 0.05); There was no significant difference in serum testosterone between the two groups after treatment. After treatment, the I-PSS score and TCM clinical symptom score of the observation group and the control group were improved, and the observation group was better than the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the effective rate of the I-PSS score of the observation group (96.67%) and the improvement rate of TCM clinical symptom score (76.67%) were better than those of the control group (73.33%, 26.67%). Conclusion: On one hand, "invigorating spleen, draining dampness and removing blood stasis" method combined with endocrine therapy can prolong the time for hormone-dependent prostate cancer to develop into castrated resistant prostate cancer, improve clinical efficacy, reduce the level of tumor markers, stabilize the level of testosterone, and improve some androgen deficiency syndrome after endocrine therapy, especially in ovariectomized resistant prostate cancer. It has obvious advantages in improving physical symptoms, vasomotor symptoms and psycho-psychological symptoms. It can obviously alleviate adverse reactions after endocrine therapy. On the other hand, it can better improve clinical symptoms, reduce I-PSS scores and TCM clinical symptoms scores, improve the quality of life of patients, and give full play to the role of reducing TCM toxicity and increasing synergism efficiency.
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Objective To investigate the role of microRNA-10b (miR-10b) in the proliferation and invasion potential of osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63 and the exact underlying mechanism.Methods The expression level of miR-10b in human osteosarcoma tissue samples and adjacent normal bone tissues were detected by relative quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).miR-10b mimic and siRNA against Twist (Twist siRNA) were transfected into human osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63 respectively using lipofactamine 2000, and RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of miR-10b and Twist, and Twist protein expression level was detected by Western blot.The effect of miR-10b mimic and Twist siRNA on proliferation of MG-63 were detected by MTT[3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -5- (3-carboxymethoxyphenyl) -2- (4-sulfophenyl) -2 H-tetrazolium].The in-vitro cell invasion ability was determined by Transwell invasion assays after up-regulating miR-10b or knocking down of Twist.Results The expression levels of miR-10b was higher in human osteosarcoma tissue samples compared with adjacent normal bone tissues, the differences were extremely statistical significance (P＜0.01).miR-10b directly up regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of Twist, the differences were significant (P＜0.05).In addition, miR-10b had enhanced the cell invasion and the proliferation (P＜0.05), whereas the proliferation and invasion ability of MG-63 which transfected by both miR-10b mimic and Twist siRNA were significantly reduced than that transfected by miR-10b mimic (P＜0.05).Conclusion miR-10b in MG-63 promotes the proliferation and invasion potential of human osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63, at least partly through the upregulation of Twist gene.
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The incidence of prostate cancer is increasing, and inevitably progresses to castration-resistant prostate cancer. Although the treatment is constantly updated, the prognosis is still not optimistic. Because of its unique advantages of effect-enhancing and toxicity-reducing, improving quality of life, and prolonging survival time, Chinese medicine has occupied a very important position in the treatment of castration resistant prostate cancer. This article summarizes the clinical and basic research of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer, and provides reference for clinical treatment and basic research.
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The incidence of prostate cancer in China is increasing visibly, and bone metastasis is easy to occur in the late stage of that, which seriously affects the quality of life of the patients. Modern medicine has made rapid progress in the treatment of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, hormone therapy and radionuclide therapy for bone metastasis of prostate cancer, accompanied by some various side effects yet. The synergistic actions of effect-enhancing and toxicity-reducing, multi-targets and multi-effects from Chinese medicinal materials combined with chemical medicines have attracted more and more attention in the medical field, which display some advantages in improving the life quality of patients, relieving the clinical symptoms and prolonging the survival period. As a special medical means in China, the unique theory and drug use of traditional Chinese medicine have brought new dawn to the treatment of bone metastasis of prostate cancer.
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Objective To study the effect of Xiaoyan Decoction on metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by experimental study. Methods Through the scratch test, the effect of Xiaoyan Decoction on the migration ability of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells was observed. The transwell migration assay was used to test the role of Xiaoyan Decoction in lung cancer stem cells migration. Results In the scratch test, the migration distance of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in 24, 48, and 72 h was significantly shorter than that of the control group at the time of the scratch test (P < 0.05). In the invasive experiment, the number of lung cancer stem cells passing through the transwell unit in Xiaoyan Decoction group was significantly less than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Xiaoyan Decoction can effectively inhibit the invasion ability of lung cancer stem cells, and then affect their metastatic ability.
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Objective: To investigate the specific mechanism of Xiaoyan Decoction in the metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: The detection method of Western blotting method and quantitative PCR Xiaoyan Decoction intervention expression of many inflammatory proteins and cytokines in the lower lung cancer stem Xiaoyan Decoction explore the possible mechanism of effect of non small cell lung cancer metastasis. Results: Western blotting detection showed that the expression of IL-6, TGF-β, p-Smad3, and MMP-9 protein in both experimental group and control group decreased significantly (P < 0.05), the difference was statistically significant; RT-PCR showed that the experimental group compared with the control group IL-6, TGF-β, TNF-α, MMP-2, alpha beta MMP-9 gene expression decreased significantly (P < 0.05), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Xiaoyan Decoction mainly affects the metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by inhibiting the transmission of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway in the inflammatory microenvironment of lung cancer.
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The prevalence of prostate cancer is increasing, which is one of the leading causes of malignancy-associated deaths of males. Because the early symptoms of prostate cancer are not obvious, 20% of the patients have metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis. The low rate of early diagnosis of prostate cancer has contributed to a higher mortality rate in China than in Europe and the United States. Highly specific and sensitive diagnostic markers exist in the blood, urine and semen of prostate cancer patients. Combined laboratory techniques can improve the rate of the early diagnosis of prostate cancer, help early treatment, and prolong the survival of the patients.
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Humans , Male , Biomarkers, Tumor , Blood , China , Epidemiology , Europe , Epidemiology , Prevalence , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Prostatic Neoplasms , Blood , Diagnosis , Mortality , United States , EpidemiologyABSTRACT
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in the urinary system of males. A growing number of studies have shown that microRNAs, as small ribonucleic acid molecules and a class of non-coding small RNAs, are closely related with PCa and a variety of microRNAs are abnormally expressed in it. This article focuses on the roles of microRNAs in the occurrence and progression of PCa, with a description of differentially expressed microRNAs in PCa and an analysis of their association with its prognosis as well as their correlation with chemotherapy, androgen receptors, and metastasis of PCa.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Disease Progression , MicroRNAs , Metabolism , Prognosis , Prostatic Neoplasms , Chemistry , Genetics , Metabolism , Receptors, Androgen , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the inhibition of Xiaoyan Decoction and its decomposed recipe on apoptosis of pulmonary carcinosis A549 cells. Methods: According to the effect, Xiaoyan Decoction is divided into three groups: Qingre Jiedu (clearing away heat-evil and expelling superficial evils) group, Huoxue Huayu group, and Yiqi Fuzheng group. Using CCK 8 method to detect the proliferation activity of lung adenocarcinoma cancer A549 cells. The Western blotting was adopted to observe the influence on protein expression of survivin and caspase-3 of pulmonary carcinosis A549 cells. And the RT-PCR was adopted to observe the influence on survivin and caspase-3 gene expression of pulmonary carcinosis A549 cells. The inhibition of Xiaoyan Decoction and its decomposed recipe on the apoptosis of pulmonary carcinosis A549 cells was investigated. Results: There were obvious inhibitory effects of cancer cell activity in the three groups. Xiaoyan Decoction in the three groups could induce the apoptosis of lung cancer A549 cell line. Its mechanism was the down regulation of survivin expression. And the related with the elevation of caspase-3 expression is not intimate. Conclusion: Xiaoyan Decoction has the antitumor effect by inducing tumor cell apoptosis through the down regulation of survivin expression.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the leptin resistance mechanism of Xiaoyan Decoction (XD) in lung cancer cachexia (LCC) rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An LCC rat model was established. Totally 40 rats were randomly divided into the normal control group, the LCC model group, the XD group, and the positive control group, 10 in each group. After LCC model was set up, rats in the LCC model group were administered with normal saline, 2 mL each time. Rats in the XD group were administered with XD at the daily dose of 2 mL. Those in the positive control group were administered with Medroxyprogesterone Acetate suspension (20 mg/kg) by gastrogavage at the daily dose of 2 mL. All medication lasted for 14 days. The general condition and tumor growth were observed. Serum levels of leptin and leptin receptor in the hypothalamus were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Contents of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and anorexia for genomic POMC were detected using real-time PCR technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum leptin levels were lower in the LCC model group than in the normal control group with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Compared with the LCC model groups, serum leptin levels significantly increased in the XD group (P < 0.01). Leptin receptor levels in the hypothalamus increased significantly in the LCC model group (P < 0.01). Increased receptor levels in the LCC model group indicated that either XD or Medroxyprogesterone Acetate could effectively reduce levels of leptin receptor with statistical significance (P < 0.01). There was also statistical difference between the XD group and the positive control group (P < 0.05). Contents of NPY was higher in the LCC model group than in the other groups with statistical difference (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in NPY between the normal control group and the rest 2 treatment groups (P > 0.05). There was statistical difference in POMC between the normal control group and the LCC model group (P < 0.05). POMC could be decreased in the XD group and the positive control group with statistical significance (P < 0.05), and it was more obviously decreased in the XD group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Leptin resistance existed in LCC rats. XD could increase serum leptin levels and reduce leptin receptor levels in the hypothalamus. LCC could be improved by elevating NPY contents in the hypothalamus and reducing POMC contents, promoting the appetite, and increasing food intake from the periphery pathway and the central pathway.</p>
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Animals , Humans , Rats , Cachexia , Drug Therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Eating , Hypothalamus , Metabolism , Leptin , Metabolism , Lung Neoplasms , Neuropeptide Y , Metabolism , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the effect of curcumin on A549 tumor cell growth of subsets SP and NON-SP cells and the specific targets. Methods: The subsets SP and NON-SP cells were separated from A549 tumor strain of the human lung adenocarcinoma, and these cells were identified with soft agar clone formation test and tumorigenicity in vitro. Curcumin with different concentration (10, 20, 30, and 40 μmol/L) was used to deal with these cells. Using MTT method to make sure the inhibition of curcumin on the growth of SP and NON-SP cells. PCR was used to measure the expression of survivin and caspase-3. Results: Curcumin at different concentration showed the different inhibition on SP and NON-SP cells. Curcumin (30 μmol/L) showed more inhibition on SP cells than NON-SP cells with the lowest cell viability and was time-dependent. Curcumin could suppress the expression of survivin and promote the expression of caspase-3. The apoptosis degree of SP cell was clearly higher than that of NON-SP cell. Conclusion: Tumorigenicity of SP cell is higher than that of NON-SP cell. Curcumin induces the apoptosis of tumor cells through inhibiting the growth of SP cell, down-regulating the expression of survivin, and promoting the expression of caspase-3 gene.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the anatomy and preparation methods of an improved lateral arm free flap (LAFF) for the future clinical application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-two adult upper extremities from cadavers after injected with red latex through common carotid arteries were used. The course, branches, distribution and variations of the blood vessels and nerves of the improved LAFF were observed. The outer diameters of the vessels were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean length of vascular pedicle of the improved LAFF was (14.85 ± 1.28) cm, significantly more than that (5.46 ± 2.60) of traditional LAFF (t = -8.483, P < 0.001). The mean outer diameters of pedicle arteries and veins in the improved LAFF were (2.24 ± 0.66) mm and (2.22 ± 0.52) mm, significantly more than those (1.15 ± 0.21 and 1.26 ± 0.23) in traditional LAFF (t = -8.690, P < 0.001; t = -15.057, P < 0.001), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The improved LAFF has a longer vascular pedicle and larger artery and vein in diameter than conventional LAFF, and is more suitable for the repair of the small and medium-sized defects of the head and neck.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Arm , Free Tissue Flaps , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Skin , Skin TransplantationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical efficacy of yiqi jiedu quyu recipe (YJQR) combined endocrine therapy in treating advanced prostate cancer (APC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 44 APC patients were randomly assigned to the combination group (23 cases) and the control group (21 cases). All patients received endocrine therapy for treating PC in Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Urological Diseases in China. After 6 months of treatment serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), free PSA (f-PSA), hemoglobin (Hb), Tcell subsets, natural kill (NK) cells, QLQ-C30 scale, Chinese medical symptoms score, I -PSS score, as well as the incidence of tidal fever were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment the PSA, f-PSA, and Hb were improved in the combination group, showing statistical difference when compared with before treatment (P <0.05). Besides, better effects were obtained in the combination group (P <0.05, P <0.01). After treatment CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8, and NK cell levels were also improved in the combination group, showing statistical difference when compared with before treatment (P <0.05). Besides, better effects were obtained in the combination group (P <0.01). The quality of life (QOL), emotional function, Chinese medical symptoms score, and I -PSS symptom score were improved in the two groups (P <0. 05,P <0. 01). Besides, better effects in the aforesaid indices and the incidence of tidal fever were obtained in the combination group (P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>YJQR combined endocrine therapy could obviously improve APC patients' QOL, reduce adverse reactions of Western medical treatment, improve the immune function, and enhance therapeutic effects of endocrine therapy.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Phytotherapy , Prostatic Neoplasms , Pathology , Therapeutics , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of thermotherapy combined with thoracic injection of lentinan in treatment of cancerous hydrothorax (CH) in patients with lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty lung cancer patients complicated with CH were randomly assigned to the observation group and the control group, 30 in each. CH was released by closed drainage of the thoracic cavity in all patients. Thermotherapy was given to patients in the observation group after lentinan was thoracically injected, while lentinan was thoracically injected to patients in the control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate of CH improvement was 73.3% (22/30) in the control group and 83.3% (25/30) in the observation group, showing insignificant difference (P>0.05). The stability rate and the weight stability rate by Karnofsky's performance scoring in the observation group were superior to those of the control group, showing significant difference (P<0.05). No hematological reaction, hepatic or renal damage occurred before and after treatment in both groups. Fever, thoracalgia, dyspnea, rash, nausea and vomit appeared in few patients of the two groups, showing insignificant difference (P>0.05). CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, and NK obviously increased and CD8+ decreased in the observation group after treatment, showing significant difference from those before treatment (P<0.05). Compared with the control group after treatment, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, and NK obviously increased, CD8+ increased in the observation group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Thermotherapy combined with thoracic injection of lentinan showed better effect in treatment of CH in patients with lung cancer. No obvious adverse reaction was seen.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Biological Products , Therapeutic Uses , Combined Modality Therapy , Hydrothorax , Therapeutics , Hyperthermia, Induced , Injections , Lentinan , Therapeutic Uses , Lung Neoplasms , Therapeutics , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between 637A/G gene polymorphisms of the transporter associated with antigen processing 1 gene and nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) and to find out the susceptible genes of NPC in Han population in Yunnan Province, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and thirty-three cases with NPC and 296 cases matched cancer-free controls were genotyped for the TAP1 637A/G polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Epstein-Barr virus infection was detected by PCR. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by using unconditional logistic regression model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Contrast with homozygous TAP1 637 AA, G allele significantly increasing risk of NPC was associated with homozygous 637 GG OR = 4.26 (95%CI were 2.08 - 8.66, P < 0.001) and heterozygous 637 AG OR = 1.56 (95%CI were 1.12 - 2.33, P < 0.05). The subjects at least having one TAP1 637 G allele had OR of 1.88 (95%CI were 1.35 - 2.82, P < 0.001). Furthermore, EBV infection may increase the risk of developing NPC interacting with TAP1 637 A/G polymorphism OR = 2.76(95% CI were 1.69 - 4.63, P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The TAP1 637G allele is associated with the NPC in Han population in Yunnan China, EBV pathogenesis in NPC might be facilitated by polymorphisms in the TAP1 proteins.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2 , ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters , Genetics , Case-Control Studies , China , Epidemiology , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections , Genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Haplotypes , Herpesvirus 4, Human , Genetics , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms , Epidemiology , Ethnology , Genetics , Virology , Polymorphism, GeneticABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility and prognostic implications of the cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) G870A polymorphism to nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) in Han population in Yunnan China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and forty one cases with NPC and 271 matched cancer-free controls were genotyped for the CCND1 G870A polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by using unconditional logistic regression model. Overall survival was assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Contrast with homozygous CCND1 G870G, A allele significantly increasing risk of NPC was associated with homozygous A870A (OR = 4.79, 95% CI 2.77 - 8.28, P < 0.001) and heterozygous A870G (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.10 - 2.68, P = 0.017). The subjects at least having one CCND1 870A allele had OR of 2.40 (95% CI 1.59 - 3.63, P < 0.001). Furthermore, smoking may increase the risk of developing NPC interacting with CCND1 G870A polymorphism. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the five-year survival rate of subjects with AA, AG and GG genotype was 56.2%, 78.5% and 81.4% (AA vs GG, P = 0.003; AA vs AG, P = 0.012; AG vs GG, P = 0.132), but not independent prognostic factor in NPC (P = 0.501).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The CCND1 870A allele is associated with the NPC in Han population in Yunnan China, meanwhile, showed a significant prognosis for those patients.</p>